Numerical Study on the Influence of the Filling Angle on the Fluid Flow during the Ingot Side Teeming Process

High turbulence at the liquid steel−mold flux interface results in mold entrapments, which can generate nonmetallic inclusions during ingot‐casting process. Those are detrimental to final steel quality. The teeming process ingot casting is typically conducted using uphill method. authors propose a novel alternative method side process, decreases free surface. To define optimum operational conditions, 3D mathematical model developed investigate effect of filling angle on motion surface and resulting shear stresses investigated angles 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°. present findings suggest that 90° between runner an effective way reducing number due entrapments refractory wear.